Category: Vitamin B

January 1999

1. Allison JR. The relation of hydrochloric acid and vitamin B complex deficiency in certain skin diseases. South Med J 38: 235-241, 1945.
2. Bendich A, Cohen M. Nutrition and Immunology. New York: Alan R. Liss. p 101-123, 1988.
3. Butterworth RF et al. Thiamin deficiency in AIDS. Lancet 338:1086, 1991.
4. Cheraskin E, Ringsdorf WM Jr, Setyaadmadja AT et al. Thiamin consumption and cardiovascular complaints. J Am Geriatrics Soc 15: 1074-1079, 1967.
5. Cheraskin E, Ringsdorf WM Jr, Setyaadmadja AT et al. Carbohydrate consumption and cardiovascular complaints. Angiology 18: 224-230, 1967.
6. Cheraskin E, Ringsdorf WM Jr, Medford FH et al. The ‘ideal’ daily vitamin B, intake. J Oral Med 33: 77-79, 1978.
7. Cheraskin E, Ringsdorf WM Jr. How much refined carbohydrate should we eat? Am Lab 6: 31-35, 1974.
8. Cummings F, Briggs M, Briggs, M. Vitamins in human biology and medicine. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. 1981.
9. Iber FL, Blass JP, Brin M et al. Thiamin in the elderly-relation to alcoholism and to neurological degenerative disease. Am J Clin Nutr 6: 1067-1082, 1982.
10. Lonsdale DA. Nutritionist’s guide to the clinical use of vitamin B1. Tacoma, WA: Life Sciences Press. p 1-209, 1987.
11. Lonsdale D. Red cell transketolase studies in a private practice specializing in nutritional correction. J Am Coll Nutr 7: 61-68, 1988.
12. Rindi, G. Thiamin. In: Present knowledge in nutrition. 7th edn. Washington DC: International Life Sciences Press. p 160-166, 1996.
13. Ropert R. Utilisation de la Vitamine B1 fortes doses dans le traitement de divers syndromes douloureux facio-céphaliques. Sem Hôp 4:508-9, 1958 (in French).
14. Shils ME, Young VR. Modern nutrition in health and disease. 7th edn. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger. p 358, 1988.

Sources
Joseph E. Pizzorno Jr., Michael T. Murrey & Melvyn R. Werbach.

January 1999

1. Belko AZ, Obarzanek E, Kalkwarf HJ et al. Effects of exercise on riboflavin requirements of young women. Am J Clin Nutr 37: 509-517, 1983.
2. Belko AZ, Obazanek E, Roach R et al. Effects of aerobic exercise and weight loss on riboflavin requirements of moderately obese, marginally deficient young women. Am J Clin Nutr 40: 553-561, 1984.
3. Belko AZ, Meredith MP, Kalkwarf HJ et al. Effects of exercise on riboflavin requirements. Biological validation in weight reducing women. Am J Clin Nutr 41: 270-277, 1985.
4. Bendich A, Cohen M. Nutrition and Immunology. New York: Alan R. Liss. p. 114, 1988.
5. Beutler E. Glutathione reductase. Stimulation in normal subjects by riboflavin supplementation. Science 165: 614-615, 1969.
6. Goodwin JS, Garry PJ. Relationship between megadose vitamin supplementation and immunological function in a healthy elderly population. Clin Exp Immunol 51: 647-653, 1983.
7. Joint, FAO/WHO Expert Group. Riboflavin. WHO Technical Report Series No. 362. p. 86, 1967.
8. Prchal JT, Conrad ME, Skalka HW. Association of presenile cataracts with heterozygosity for glactosaemic states and riboflavin deficiency. Lancet i: 12-143, 1978.
9. Rivlin RS. Riboflavin. In: Ziegler EE, Filer LJ Jr, eds. Present knowledge in nutrition. 7th edn. Washington DC: International Life Sciences Press. p 167-173, 1996.
10. Salim-Hanna M, Edwards AM, Silva E. A photo-induced adduct between a vitamin and an essential amino acid: binding of riboflavin to tryptophan. Int J Vit Nutr Res 57: 155-159, 1987.
11. Schoenen J, Jacquay J, Lenaerts M. Effectiveness of high-dose riboflavin in migraine prophylaxis: a randomized controlled trial. Neurology 50: 466-470, 1998.
12. Schoenen J, Lenaerts M, Bastings E. High-dosc riboflavin as a prophylactic treatment of migraine: results of an open pilot study. Cephalalgia 14: 328-329, 1994.
13. Skalka HW, Prchal JT. Cataracts and riboflavin deficiency. Am J Clin Nutr 34: 861-863, 1981.
14. Webster RP, Gawde MD, Bhattacharya RK. Modulation of carcinogen-induced DNA damage and repair enzyme activity by dietary riboflavin. Cancer Lett 98: 129-135, 1996.
15. Weisburger J. Nutritional approach to cancer prevention with emphasis on vitamins, antioxidants, and cartenoids. Am J Clin Nutr 53: S226-227, 1991.

Sources
Joseph E. Pizzorno Jr., Michael T. Murrey & Melvyn R. Werbach.

January 1999

1. Alhadeff L, Gualtieri GT, Lipton M. Toxic effects of water-soluble vitamins. Nutr Rev 42: 33-40, 1984.
2. Bendich A, Cohen M. Nutrition and immunology. New York: Alan R. Liss. p 114-115, 1988.
3. Carlson LA, Hamsten A, and Asplund A. Pronounced Lowering of Serum Levels of Lipoprotein Lp(a) in Hyperlipidaemic Subjects Treated with Nicotinic Acid, J Intern Med 226, 271-6, 1989.
4. Cheraskin E, Ringsdorf WM Jr, Medford FH. The ‘ideal’ daily niacin intake. Int J Vit Nutr Res 46: 58-60, 1976.
5. Cleary JP. Vitamin B3 in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Case Reports and Review of the Literature. J Nutr Med 1: 217-25, 1990.
6. DiPalma JR and Thayer WS, Use of Niacin as a Drug, Ann Rev Nutr 11; 169-87, 1991.
7. Einstein N, Baker A, Galper J et al. Jaundice due to nicotinic acid therapy. Am J Digest Dis 20: 282-286, 1975.
8. El-Enein AMA et al., The Role of Nicotinic Acid and Inositol Hexaniacinate as Anticholesterolemic and Antilipemic Agents, Nutr Rep Intl 28, 899-911, 1983.
9. Figge HL, Figge J, Souney PF et al. Nicotinic acid. A review of its clinical use in the treatment of lipid disorders. Pharmacotherapy 8: 287-294, 1988.
10. Gaby SK. Vitamin intake and health: A scientific review. New York: Marcel Dekker. p 189-192, 1991.
11. Goldsmith GA, Miller ON, Unglaub WG. Efficiency of tryptophan as a niacin precursor in man. J Nutr 73: 172-176, 1961.
12. Grundy SM. Drug therapy in dyslipidemia. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 50: 63-72, 1990.
13. Illingworth DR et al., Comparative Effects of Lovastatin and Niacin in Primary Hypercholesterolemia, Arch Intern Med 154, 1586-95, 1994.
14. Jacob, RA, Swendseid, ME. Niacin. In: Present knowledge in nutrition. 7th edn. Washington DC: International Life Sciences Press. p 184-190, 1996.
15. Jonas WB et al. The effect of niacinamide on osteoarthritis: a pilot study. Inflamm Res 45: 330-4, 1996.
16. Lefavi R. Lipid-lowering effects of a dietary nicotinic acid-chromium III complex in male athletes. FASEB J 5;6:A1645, 1991.
17. Lefavi R et al. Lipid-lowering effect of a dietary chromium III-nicotinic acid complex in male athletes. Nutr Res 13:239-49, 1993.
18. Luria MH. Effect of low-dose niacin on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio. Arch Intern Med 148: 2493-5, 1988.
19. Mandrup Paulsen T. Nicitinamide in the Prevention of Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metabol Rev 9: 295-309, 1993.
20. McKenney JM et al., A Comparison of the Efficacy and Toxic Effects of Sustained- vs Immediate-Release Niacin in Hypercholesterolemic Patients, JAMA 271, 672-7, 1994.
21. O’Hara J, Jolly PN, Nicol CG. The therapeutic efficacy of inositol nicotinate (I lexopal) in intermittent claudication of a controlled trial. Br J Clin Practice 42: 377-383, 1988.
22. Patterson JI, Brown RR, Lindswiler H et al. Exertion of tryptophan-niacin metabolites by young men. Effects of tryptophan, leucine, and vitamin B6 intakes. Am J Clin Nutr 33: 2157-2167, 1980.
23. Pocoit F, Reimers JI and Andersen HU. Nicotinamide: Biological Actions and Therapeutic Potential in Diabetes Prevention. Diabetologia 36: 574-76, 1993.
24. Pozzilli P et al. The Potential Role of Nicotinamide in the Secondary Prevention of IDDM. Diabetes Metabol Rev 9: 219-30, 1993.
25. Salem and Abdel M. The Role of Nicotinic Acid and Inositol Hexaniacinate as Anticholesterolemic and Antilipemic Agents. Nutr Rep Intl 28: 899-911, 1983.
26. Urberg M and Zemel MB. Evidence for Synergism Between Chromium and Nicotinic Acid in the Control of Glucose Tolerance in Elderly Humans. Metabolism 36: 896-99, 1987.
27. Urberg M et al. Hypocholesterolemic effect of nicotinic acid and chromium supplementation. J Fam Pract 27;6:603-6, 1988.
28. Vega GL and Crundy SM. Lipoprotein Responses to Treatment with Lovastatin, Gemfibrozil, and Nicotinic Acid in Normolipidemic Patients with Hypoalphalipoproteinemia, Arch Intern Med 154: 73-82, 1994.
29. Welsh AL and Ede M, Inositol Hexanicotinate for Improved Nicotinic Acid Therapy, Int Record Med 174: 9-15, 1961.

Sources
Joseph E. Pizzorno Jr., Michael T. Murrey & Melvyn R. Werbach.

January 1999

1. Barton-Wright EC, Elliott WA. The Pantothenic Acid Metabolism of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Lancet ii: 862-3, 1963.
2. Fry PC et al. Metabolic response to a pantothenic acid deficient diet in humans. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 22: 339-46, 1976.
3. Welsh AL. Lupus erythematosus: Treatment by combined use of massive amounts of pantothenic acid and vitamin E. Arch Dermatol Syphilol 70: 181-98, 1954.

Sources
Joseph E. Pizzorno Jr., Michael T. Murrey & Melvyn R. Werbach.

January 1999

1. Annand JC. Pyridoxine and magnesium in the treatment of shock. Lancet ii: 340-1, 1957.
2. Antopol W, Schotland CE. The use of vitamin B6 in pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy. JAMA, March 23, pp. 1058-9, 1940.
3. Barr W, Pyridoxine Supplements in the Premenstrual Syndrome, Practitioner 228: 425-7, 1984.
4. Bassler KH. Megavitamin therapy with pyridoxine. Int J Vit Nutr Res 58: 105-118, 1988.
5. Berman MK, et al. Vitamin B6 in Premenstrual Syndrom, J Am Diet Assoc 90 : 859-61, 1990.
6. Brattström L et al. Impaired homocysteine metabolism in early-onset cerebral and peripheral occlusive arterial disease. Effects of pyridoxine and folic acid treatment. Atherosclerosis 81:1:51-60, 1990.
7. Brattström L, Stavenow L, Galvard H, et al. Pyridoxine reduces cholesterol and low-density-lipoprotein and increases antithrombin III activity in 80- year-old men with low plasma pyridoxal 5-phosphate. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 50:8:873-7, 1990.
8. Bum MK et al. Association of Vitamin B6 Status with Parameters of Immune Function in Early HIV-1 Infection. J AIDS 4:122-32, 1991.
9. Caby SK. Vitamin intake and health: A scientific review. New York: Marcel Dekker. p 163- 74, 1991.
10. Cohen M, Bendich A. Safety of pyridoxine – a review of human and animal studies. Toxicol Letters 34: 129-139, 1986.
11. Curhan GC, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ. A prospective study of the intake of vitamins C and B6, and the risk of kidney stones in men. J Urol 155:61847-51, 1996.
12. Dalery K et al. Homocysteine and coronary artery disease in French Canadian subjects: Relation with vitamins B12, B6, pyridoxal phosphate and folate. Am J Cardiol 75:1107-11, 1995.
13. Driskell JA, Wesley RL, Hess IE. Effectiveness of pyridoxine hydrochloride treatment on carpal tunnel syndrome patients. Nutr Rep Int 1986; 34: 103-1040, 1986.
14. Ellis JM. Vitamin B6 deficiency and rheumatism. Anabolism Winter 1985.
15. Folkers K, Morita M, McRee Jr. J. The activities of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin B6 for immune response. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 193:88-92, 1993.
16. Gaby AR. The safe use of vitamin B6 J Nutr Med 1: 153-157, 1990.
17. Gershoff SN, Prien EL. Excretion of urinary metabolites in calcium oxalate urolithiasis: Effect of tryptophan and vitamin B6 administration. Am J Clin Nutr 8:812, 1960.
18. Gershoff S, Prien EL. Effect of daily MgO and vitamin B6 administration to patients with recurring calcium oxalate kidney stones. Am J Clin Nutr 20:393-399, 1967.
19. Gibbs DA, Watts RWE. The action of pyridoxine in primary hyperoxaluria. Clin.Sci 38:277-86, 1970.
20. Gvozdova LG, Paramonova EG, Goriachenkova EV et al. The content of pyridoxal coenzymes in the blood plasma of patients with coronary atherosclerosis on a background of therapeutic diet and after supplemental intake of vitamin B6. Vop Pitan 25: 40-44, 1966.
21. Hallert C, Astrom J, Walan A. Reversal of psychopathology in adult coeliac disease with the aid of pyridoxine (vitamin B6). Scand J Gastroenterol 18; (2):299-304, 1983.
22. Harrison AR et al. Hyperoxaluria and recurrent stone formation apparently cured by short course of pyridoxine. Br Med J 282: 2097-8, 1981.
23. Jaeger P. et al. Idiopathic hyperoxaluria cured by a short course of pyridoxine B6: Further evidence for B6-deficiency. Abstract. Clin Res 34, 2:546A, 1962.
24. Jones CL et al. Pyridoxine Deficiency: A New Factor in Diabetic Neuropathy. J Am Pod Assoc 68: 646-53, 1978.
25. Kasidas GP et al. Mild but clinically significant metabolic hyperoxaluria and its response to pyridoxine, in H von G Gasser, Wahlensieck W, Eds. Pathogenese und Klinik Harnstein XI. Darmstadt, Steinkopff Verlag, 394-9, 1985.
26. Kok FJ et al. Low vitamin B6 status in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 63:513-16, 1989.
27. Kuzuya F. Arteriosclerosis in pyridoxine deficient-monkeys. Primates 2:99, 1959.
28. Kuzuya F F. Experiment on arteriosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis induced in pyridoxine-deficient monkeys and their recovery. Primates 3:77, 1962.
29. Kuzuya F. Reversibility of arteriosclerosis in pyridoxine-deficient monkeys, in G Schettler, Y Goto, Y Hata, G Klose, Eds. Atherosclerosis IV. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 275-8, 1977.
30. Kuzuya F. Vitamin B6 and arteriosclerosis. Nagoya J Med Sci 55:1-4:1-9, 1993.
31. Lam SC et al. Investigation of possible mechanisms of pyridoxal-5-phosphate inhibition of platelet reactions. Thrombosis Res 20:633-45, 1980.
32. Leklem, JE. Vitamin B-6. In: Present knowledge in nutrition.7th edn. Washington DC: International Life Sciences Press. p 174-83, 1996.
33. Levene CI, Murray JC. The aetiological role of maternal B6 deficiency in the development of atherosclerosis. Lancet i:628, 1977.
34. Lewy A, Fox N. Clinical notes; New instruments and technics: Pyridoxine (B6) used in the treatment of vertigo. Arch Otolaryngol pp.681-3, Nov. 1947.
35. Lyon E, Borden T, Ellis J, Vermeulen C. Calcium oxalate lithiasis produced by pyridoxine deficiency and inhibition with high magnesium diets. Invest Urol 4: 133-142, 1966.
36. McCully KS. Vascular pathology of homocysteinemia: Implications for the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis. Am J Pathol 56: 111-128, 1969.
37. Milliner D, Eickholt J, Berstrahl E, et al. Results of long-term treatment with orthophosphate and pyridoxine in patients with primary hyperoxaluria. N Engl J Med 331; 23:1553-8, 1994.
38. Mitwalli A et al. Control of hyperoxaluria with large doses of pyridoxine in patients with kidney stones. Int Urol Nephrol 20; 4:353-9, 1988.
39. Murthy MS, Farooqui S, Talwar HS, et al. Effect of pyridoxine supplementation on recurrent stone formers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 20; 9: 434-7, 1982.
40. Mushett CW, Emerson G. Arteriosclerosis in pyridoxine-deficient monkeys and dogs. Fed Proc 4:526-7, 1956.
41. Parry GJ, Bredesen DE. Sensory neuropathy with low dose pyridoxine. Neurology 1985; 35: 1466- 1468.
42. Prien EL, Gershoff S. Magnesium oxide-pyridoxine therapy for recurring calcium oxalate urinary calculi. J Urol 112:509-512, 1974.
43. Rattan VF, Sidhu H, Vaidyanathan S, et al. Effect of combined supplementation of magnesium oxide and pyridoxine in calcium-oxalate stone formers. Urol Res 22; 3:161-5, 1994.
44. Reinken L, Zieglauer H. Vitamin B6 absorption in children with acute celiac disease and in control subjects. J Nutr 108:1562, 1978.
45. Revusova V et al. The significance of oxaluria reduction by pyridoxine in prevention of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. Cas Lek Ces 121; 6:163-6, 1982.
46. Rinehart JF, Greenberg LD. Arteriosclerotic lesions in pyridoxine deficient monkeys. Am J Pathol 25:481-96, 1949.
47. Rinehart JF, Greenberg LD. Pathogenesis of experimental arteriosclerosis in pyridoxine deficiency with notes on similarities to human arteriosclerosis. Arch Pathol 51:12-29, 1951.
48. Rinehart JF, Greenberg LD. Vitamin B6 deficiency in the Rhesus monkey. Am J Clin Nutr 4:318-325, 1956.
49. Rhinehart JF, Greenberg LD. Vitamin B6 deficiency in the rhesus monkey, with particular reference to the occurrence of atherosclerosis, dental caries and hepatic cirrhosis. Am J Clin Nutr 4:318, 1956.
50. Roubenoff R et al. Abnormal vitamin B6 status in rheumatoid cachexia. Arthritis Rheum 1: 105-9, 1995.
51. Serofontein WJ, Ubbink JB, De Villiers LS, et al. Plasma pyridoxal-5-phosphate level as risk index for coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 55:3:357-61, 1985.
52. Serofontein WJ, Ubbink JB, De Villers LS, Becker PJ. Depressed plasma pyridoxal-5′-phosphate levels in tobacco-smoking men. Atherosclerosis. 59: 341-346; 1986.
53. Shor-Posner G, Feaster D, Blaney N, et al. Impact of Vitamin B6 Status on Psychological Distress in a longitudinal Study of HIV-1 infection. Int J Psychol Med 24; (3):209-22, 1994.
54. Shultz TD, Santamaria AG, Gridley DS et al. Effect of pyridoxine and pyridoxal on the in vitro growth of human malignant melanoma. Nutr Res 8: 201-207, 1988.
55. Solomon LR et al. Erythrocyte O2 Transport and Metabolism and Effects of Vitamin B6 Therapy in Type II Diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 38: 881-86, 1989.
56. Stone S. Pyridoxine and thiamine therapy in disorders of the nervous system. Dis Nerv Sys 11;5:131-8, 1950.
57. Subbarao K et al. Pyridoxal 5’-phosphate – a new physiological inhibitor of blood coagulation and platelet function. Biochem Pharmacol 28:531-4, 1979.
58. Swift ME, Shultz TD. Relationship of vitamins B6 and Bl2 to homocysteine levels: Risk for coronary heart disease. Nutr Rep Int 34: 1-14, 1986.
59. Talbott MC, Miller LT, Kerkvliet NI. Pyridoxine supplementation effect on Lymphocyte responses in elderly persons. Am J Clin Nutr 46: 659-664, 1987.
60. Thind SK et al. Role of vitamin B6 in oxalate metabolism in urolithiasis. Abstract. Am J Clin Nutr 32; 6:20, 1979.
61. Ubbink JB, Vermaak WJH, van der Merwe A, Becker PJ. Vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, and folate nutritional status in men with hyperhomocysteinemia. Am J Clin Nutr 57:47-53, 1993.
62. Verhoef P, Stampfer MJ, Buring JE, et al. Homocysteine metabolism and risk of myocardial infarction: Relation with vitamin B6, B12, and folate. Am J Epidemiol 143:9:845-59, 1996.
63. Verrmaak WJ, Barnard HC, Potgieter GM et al. Plasma pyridoxal 5′-phosphate levels in myocardial infarction. S Afr Med J 70: 195-196, 1986.
64. Vermaak WJH et al. Vitamin B6 and coronary heart disease. Epidemiological observations and case studies. Atherosclerosis 63:235, 1987.
65. Vijayammal PL, Kurup PA. Pyridoxine and atherosclerosis: Role of pyridoxine in the metabolism of lipids and glycosaminoglycans in rats fed normal and high fat, high cholesterol diets containing 16% casein. Austral J Biol Sci 31:1:7-20, 1978.
66. Weisburger J. Nutritional approach to cancer prevention with emphasis on vitamins, antioxidant, and carotenoids. Am J Clin Nutr 53: S226-S237, 1991.

Sources
Joseph E. Pizzorno Jr., Michael T. Murrey & Melvyn R. Werbach.

January 1999

1. Alpert JE, Fava, M. Nutrition and depression. The role of folate. Nutr Rev 55: 145-149, 1997.
2. Bailey LB, Wagner PA, Davis CG, Dinning JS. Food frequency related to folacin status in adolescents. J Am Diet Assoc 84: 801-804, 1984.
3. Baker H, Jaslow SP, Frank O. Severe impairment of dietary folate utilization in the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 26: 218-221, 1978.
4. Bates CJ, Fleming M, Paul AA et al. Folate status and its relation to vitamin C in healthy elderly men and women. Age Aging 9: 241-248, 1980.
5. Bendich A, Cohen M. Nutrition and immunology. New York: Alan R. Liss. p 101-123, 1988.
6. Botez MI, Botez T, Léveillé J, et al. Neuropsychological correlates of folic acid deficiency: Facts and hypotheses, in MI Botez, EH Reynolds, Eds. Folic Acid in Neurology, Psychiatry, and Internal Medicine. New York, Raven Press, 435-461, 1979.
7. Brattstrom LE, Hultberg BL, Hardebo JE. Folic acid responsive postmenopausal homocysteinemia. Metabolism 34: 1073-1077, 1987.
8. Brattstrom LE, Israelsson B, Jeppsson JO, Hultberg BL. Folic acid – an innocuous means to reduce plasma homocysteine. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 48: 3; 215-221, 1988.
9. Brattström L et al. Impaired homocysteine metabolism in early-onset cerebral and peripheral occlusive arterial disease. Effects of pyridoxine and folic acid treatment. Atherosclerosis 81:1:51-60, 1990.
10. Briggs RM. Vitamin supplementation as a possible factor in the incidence of cleft lip/palate deformities in humans. Clin Plast Surg 1976; 3: 647-652, 1976.
11. Butterworth CE, Tamura T. Folic acid safety and toxicity. A brief review. Am J Clin Nutr 50: 353-358, 1989.
12. Center for Disease Control. Knowledge about folic acid and use of multivitamins containing folic acid among reproductive-aged women. Morbidity Mortality Weekly Report 45: 793-795, 1996.
13. Center for Disease Control. Recommendations for the use of folic acid to reduce the number of cases of spina bifida and other neural tube defects. Morbidity Mortality Weekly Report 41: RR-14, 1996.
14. Clark AJ, Mossholder S, Gates R. Folacin status in adolescent females. Am J Clin Nutr 1987; 46: 302-306.
15. Dalery K et al. Homocysteine and coronary artery disease in French Canadian subjects: Relation with vitamins B12, B6, pyridoxal phosphate and folate. Am J Cardiol 75:1107-11, 1995.
16. Deller DJ et al. Folic acid deficiency in rheumatoid arthritis. Relation of levels of serum folic acid activities to treatment with phenylbutazone. Br Med J i: 765-7, 1966.
17. Flynn MA, Irvin W, Krause G. The effect of folate and cobalamin on osteoarthritic hands. J Am Coll Nutr 13; 4: 351-6, 1994.
18. Gaby SK, Bendich A. Vitamin intake and health: A scientific review. New York: Marcel Dekker. p 175-188, 1991.
19. Gough KR et al. Folic acid deficiency in rheumatoid arthritis. Br Med J i: 212-17, 1964.
20. Halsted CH, Reisenauer AM, Romero JJ, et al. Jejunal perfusion of simple and conjugated folates in celiac sprue. J Clin Invest 59: 933-40, 1977.
21. Hjelt K, Krasilnikoff PA. The impact of gluten on haematolgical status, dietary intakes of haemopoietic nutrients and vitamin B12 and folic acid absorption in children with coeliac disease. Acta Paediatr Scand 79; (10):911-19, 1990.
22. Huber AM, Wallins LL, DeRusso P. Folate nutriture in pregnancy. J Am Diet Assoc 88: 791-814, 1988.
23. Jacques P, Bostom A, Williams R, et al. Relation between folate status, a common mutation in methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase, and plasma homocysteine concentrations. Circulation 93; 1: 7-9, 1996.
24. Kang SS, Wong PWK, Norusis M. Homocysteinemia due to folate deficiency. Metabolism 36: 458-462, 1987.
25. Laurence KM, James N, Miller MH et al. Double-blind randomized controlled trial of folate treatment before conception to prevent recurrence of neural-tube defects. Br Med J 282: 1509-1511, 1981.
26. Milunsky A, Jick H, Jick SS, Bruell CL, MacLaughlin DS, Rothman KJ, Willette W. Multivitamin/folic acid supplementation in early pregnancy reduces the pr-reviewence of neural tube defects. J Am Med Assoc 262: 2847-2852, 1989.
27. Modesto C, Castro L. Folinic acid supplementation in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate. J Rheumatol 23; (2): 403-4, 1996.
28. Morgan SI, Alarcon GS, Krumdieck CL. Folic acid supplementation during methotrexate therapy: It makes sense. Editorial. J Rheumatol 20; (6): 929-30, 1993.
29. Morgan SL, Baggott JE, Vaughn WH, et al. Supplementation with folic acid during methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 121: 833-41, 1994.
30. Murray, MT. reviewuating the many benefits of folic acid. Am J Natural Med 3: 8-11, 1996.
31. Omer A, Mowat AG. Nature of anaemia in rheumatoid arthritis. IX. Folate metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 27: 414-24, 1968.
32. Preuss HG. CRC Handbook series in nutrition and food. Section F: Nutntional disorders, vol. 1. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p 61-62, 1978.
33. Selhub, J, Rosenberg, IH. Folic acid. In: Present knowledge in nutrition. 7th edn. Washington DC: International Life Sciences Press. p 206-219, 1996.
34. Smithells RW, Nevin NC, Seller MJ et al. Further experience of vitamin supplementation for prevention of neural tube defect recurrences. Lancet 1: 1027-1031, 1983.
35. Ubbink JB, Vermaak WJH, van der Merwe A, Becker PJ. Vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, and folate nutritional status in men with hyperhomocysteinemia. Am J Clin Nutr 57:47-53, 1993.
36. Ventura A, bouquet F, Sartorelli C, et al. Coeliac disease, folic acid deficiency and epilepsy with cerebral calcifications. Acta Paeditr Scand 80; (5):559-62, 1991.
37. Verhoef P, Stampfer MJ, Buring JE, et al. Homocysteine metabolism and risk of myocardial infarction: Relation with vitamin B6, B12, and folate. Am J Epidemiol 143:9:845-59, 1996.
38. Weisburger JH. Nutritional approach to cancer prevention with emphasis on vitamins, antioxidants, and carotenoids. Am J Clin Nutr 53: S226-S237, 1991.

Sources
Joseph E. Pizzorno Jr., Michael T. Murrey & Melvyn R. Werbach.

January 1999

1. Allen, LH, Casterline J. Vitamin Bl2 deficiency in elderly individuals. diagnosis and requirements. Am J Clin Nutr 60: 12-14, 1994.
2. Baker H et al. Plasma vitamin B12 titres as indicators of disease severity and mortality of patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Alcohol Alcoholism 22; (1):15, 1987.
3. Brinton LA, Gridley G, Hrubec A et al. Cancer risk following pernicious anemia. Br J Cancer 59: 810-813, 1989.
4. Campbell RE, Pruitt FW. Vitamin B12 in the treatment of viral hepatitis. Am J Med Sci 224:252, 1952.
5. Campbell RE, Pruitt FW. The effect of vitamin B12 and folic acid in the treatment of viral hepatitis. Am J Med Sci 229:8-15, 1955.
6. Carethers M. Diagnosing vitamin Bl2 deficiency, a common geriatric disorder. Geriatrics 43: 89-112, 1988.
7. Chu RC, Hall CA. The total serum homocysteine as an indicator of vitamin Bl2 and folate status. Am J Clin Pathol 90: 446-449, 1988.
8. Dalery K et al. Homocysteine and coronary artery disease in French Canadian subjects: Relation with vitamins B12, B6, pyridoxal phosphate and folate. Am J Cardiol 75:1107-11, 1995.
9. Davidson S. The Use of Vitamin B12 in the Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy. J Flor Med Assoc 15: 717-20, 1954.
10. Doscherholmen A, Swaim WR. Impaired assimilation of egg 57 Co vitamin Bl2 in patients with hypochlorhydria and achlorhydria and after gastric resection. Gastroenterol 1973; 64: 913-919.
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Sources
Joseph E. Pizzorno Jr., Michael T. Murrey & Melvyn R. Werbach.